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<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Archiving and Interchange DTD with OASIS Tables with MathML3 v1.4 20241031//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/1.4/JATS-archive-oasis-article1-4-mathml3.dtd">
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" dtd-version="1.4" article-type="research-article" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник гуманитарного образования</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2411-2070</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-categories><subj-group><subject>Other</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="ru">Немец Иоганн Иосиф Спринцель - первый служитель медицины на горнозаводском Урале (1722-1736)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>German Johann Joseph Sprinzel - the first minister of medicine in the mining Urals (1722-1736)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сафронова</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Safronova</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><email>alevtina.safronova@gmail.com</email><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4692-3025</contrib-id></contrib><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Ural Federal University</institution><city xml:lang="en">Yekaterinburg</city><country xml:lang="en">Russia</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Уральский федеральный университет им. первого Президента России Б. Н. Ельцина</institution><city xml:lang="ru">Екатеринбург</city><country xml:lang="ru">Россия</country></aff></aff-alternatives></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2025-11-06"><day>06</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><issue>3</issue><fpage>9</fpage><lpage>20</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-07-14"><day>14</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-08-21"><day>21</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></date></history><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="publication-51f875bf-78ea-4592-bad4-f7175bd62b4c.pdf" xlink:title="PDF"/><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Статья посвящена первому медику, прибывшему на Урал по контракту в 1722 г., Иоганну Спринцелю, с которого начинается история медицинского обслуживания населения казенных заводов Урала. Впервые раскрываются трудности поиска медиков для работы на Урале в 1720-е гг. даже в условиях Санкт-Петербурга и Москвы, отсутствие возможности заменить не очень сведущего лекаря на более опытного и вынужденное удовлетворение его требований, касающихся улучшения материального положения при заключении последующих контрактов. Раскрывается жизненный путь саксонца по происхождению, служившего в шведской армии в годы Северной войны, попавшего в плен и перешедшего на службу в Россию. Спринцель был рекомендован на Урал главой Медицинской канцелярии, ведавшей медициной России и её кадрами, архиатром И. Л. Блюментростом. Впервые прослеживаются этапы его службы на Урале: при Уктусском заводе, на Пыскоре в 1724 г., отъезд в Москву в 1725 г., согласие вернуться на Урал на условиях повышенного жалованья, положенного ему уже как штаб‐лекарю; дальнейшее повышение жалованья по контракту 1728 г., получение права ведения частной практики в Екатеринбурге. Раскрываются основные направления деятельности Спринцеля: участие в приёме больных в госпиталь, лечении, освидетельствовании их в связи с отставкой, выявлении больных солдат, присланных на строительство Екатеринбурга, больных крестьян для временного освобождения от заводских работ. Эти данные о Спринцеле будут использованы для сравнения с вкладом других медиков‐иностранцев, трудившихся на Урале в первой половине XVIII в.</p></abstract><abstract xml:lang="en" abstract-type="summary"><p>The article is dedicated to the first physician who arrived in the Urals under a contract in 1722, Johann Sprinzel, with whom the history of medical care for the population of the state‐owned factories of the Urals begins. For the first time, the difficulties of finding physicians to work in the Urals in the 1720s are revealed, even in the conditions of St. Petersburg and Moscow, the impossibility of replacing a not very knowledgeable doctor with a more experienced one and the forced satisfaction of his demands regarding the improvement of his financial situation when concluding subsequent contracts. The life path of a Saxon by origin, who served in the Swedish army during the Northern War, was captured and transferred to serve in Russia, is revealed. Sprinzel was recommended to the Urals by the head of the Medical Chancellery, which was in charge of medicine in Russia and its personnel, Archbishop I. L. Blumentrost. For the first time, the stages of his service in the Urals are traced: at the Uktus plant, at Pyskor in 1724, departure to Moscow in 1725, agreement to return to the Urals on the terms of an increased salary, due to him already as a staff doctor; further increase in salary under the contract of 1728, obtaining the right to conduct private practice in Yekaterinburg. The main areas of Sprinzel's activity are revealed: participation in the admission of patients to the hospital, treatment, examination of them in connection with retirement, identification of sick soldiers sent to the construction of Yekaterinburg, sick peasants for temporary release from factory work. This data on Sprinzel will be used for comparison with the contribution of other foreign doctors who worked in the Urals in the first half of the 18th century.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>горнозаводской Урал</kwd><kwd>Иоганн Спринцель</kwd><kwd>В. И. Геннин</kwd><kwd>контракты</kwd><kwd>медицинское обслуживание</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mining Urals</kwd><kwd>Johann Sprinzel</kwd><kwd>V. I. Gennin</kwd><kwd>contracts</kwd><kwd>medical care</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><ref id="ref1"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Берх В. Жизнеописание генерал-лейтенанта В. И. Геннина, основателя Российских горных заводов // Горный журнал. 1826. Кн. 4. С. 93–132; Кн. 5. С. 107–149.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref2"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">ГАСО (Государственный архив Свердловской области). Ф. 24. Оп. 1. Д. 26. Л. 535–535об., 552–553.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref3"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">ГАСО. Ф. 24. Оп. 1. Д. 37. Л. 100об. – 101.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref4"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">ГАСО. Ф. 24. Оп. 1. Д. 37. 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